> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.arkelectron.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.arkelectron.com/products/flight-controller/ark-pi6x-flow/hardware.md).

# Hardware Reference

## Specifications

| Specification                    | Value                                                                                                                                                 |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Flight controller                | ARKV6X: [STM32H743](https://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32h743ii.html), 480 MHz, 2 MB flash, 1 MB RAM                           |
| IMUs                             | Dual [Invensense ICM-42688-P](https://invensense.tdk.com/products/motion-tracking/6-axis/icm-42688-p/), heated                                        |
| Barometer                        | [Bosch BMP390](https://www.bosch-sensortec.com/products/environmental-sensors/pressure-sensors/bmp390/)                                               |
| Magnetometer                     | [ST IIS2MDC](https://www.st.com/en/mems-and-sensors/iis2mdc.html)                                                                                     |
| Power monitor                    | [TI INA226](https://www.ti.com/product/INA226) voltage and current monitor                                                                            |
| Optical flow (Pi6X Flow only)    | [PixArt PAW3902](https://www.pixart.com/products-detail/93/PAW3902JF-TXQT)                                                                            |
| Distance sensor (Pi6X Flow only) | [Broadcom AFBR-S50LV85D](https://www.broadcom.com/products/optical-sensors/time-of-flight-3d-sensors/afbr-s50lv85d), 30 m. Not supported in ArduPilot |
| Compute module                   | Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4; CM4 Lite boots from the microSD slot. Compute Module 5 with the [differences below](#compute-module-5)                 |
| Flight controller interfaces     | TELEM1, RC input, 8 PWM outputs (DShot capable), UART4, GPS (UART, I2C), CAN, buzzer, debug (SWD, UART console), microSD                              |
| Pi interfaces                    | Micro HDMI, Ethernet, USB-C host, 2× USB JST-GH, 2× MIPI CSI (22-pin FFC), programming micro USB, I2C, UART, LED strip GPIO, GPIO, console, CPU fan   |
| Power                            | 5.5–25.2 V (2S–6S) battery input                                                                                                                      |
| ESC mounting                     | 4-in-1 ESC, 30 × 30 mm                                                                                                                                |
| Dimensions                       | 91.5 × 56 mm, without compute module and ESC                                                                                                          |
| Weight                           | 41 g without compute module, SD card and ESC; 53 g with CM4 and SD card                                                                               |

## Compute Module 5

The board was designed for the CM4. With a CM5:

|                                 | CM4                   | CM5                                                                                |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Telem2 to the flight controller | UART4, `/dev/ttyAMA4` | UART3, `/dev/ttyAMA3`                                                              |
| Pi UART3 connector              | UART3, `/dev/ttyAMA3` | UART2, `/dev/ttyAMA2`                                                              |
| Cameras                         | CAM0 and CAM1         | CAM1 only, as `cam0` in `config.txt`. The CM5 uses the CM4's CAM0 pins for USB 3.0 |
| USB 3.0                         | None                  | Not wired to any connector                                                         |

The `config.txt` for each module is in [After Flashing, Before Installing](/products/flight-controller/ark-pi6x-flow/flashing-guide/after-flashing-before-installing.md).

## USB

The compute module's USB 2.0 port goes through a mux to either the programming micro USB or an onboard USB hub. The hub feeds the flight controller, the USB-C port and both USB JST-GH ports.

{% hint style="warning" %}
The hub is full speed only (12 Mbps, USB 1.1) with either compute module, so every device behind it is limited to 12 Mbps.
{% endhint %}

While a cable is plugged into the micro USB, the compute module switches to that port and the hub is disconnected. Reboot after unplugging it.

## Pinout

<figure><img src="https://1515919775-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FOwmEn1N45AR4WjMQhHlu%2Fuploads%2FAUmyP2pHVGNjrZ49nGNl%2FPi6X%20Flow%20Wireframe.png?alt=media&amp;token=36ceda7e-740b-4286-b2d2-ce5a55f2f695" alt=""><figcaption><p>ARK Pi6X Flow connector locations</p></figcaption></figure>

{% file src="/files/h5InSpC4ZvXDCnBJBtpx" %}

### PWM + UART4 — 11-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal         | Voltage |
| --- | -------------- | ------- |
| 1   | FMU\_CH1\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 2   | FMU\_CH2\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 3   | FMU\_CH3\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 4   | FMU\_CH4\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 5   | FMU\_CH5\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 6   | FMU\_CH6\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 7   | FMU\_CH7\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 8   | FMU\_CH8\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 9   | UART4\_TX\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 10  | UART4\_RX\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 11  | GND            | GND     |

### RC — 4-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal                  | Voltage |
| --- | ----------------------- | ------- |
| 1   | VDD\_5V\_SBUS\_RC       | 5.0V    |
| 2   | USART6\_RX\_IN\_EXT     | 3.3V    |
| 3   | USART6\_TX\_OUTPUT\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 4   | GND                     | GND     |

### CAN — 4-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal           | Voltage |
| --- | ---------------- | ------- |
| 1   | VDD\_5V\_HIPOWER | 5.0V    |
| 2   | CAN1\_P          | 5.0V    |
| 3   | CAN1\_N          | 5.0V    |
| 4   | GND              | GND     |

### GPS — 6-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal                | Voltage |
| --- | --------------------- | ------- |
| 1   | VDD\_5V\_HIPOWER      | 5.0V    |
| 2   | USART1\_TX\_GPS1\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 3   | USART1\_RX\_GPS1\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 4   | I2C1\_SCL\_GPS1\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 5   | I2C1\_SDA\_GPS1\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 6   | GND                   | GND     |

### TELEM1 — 6-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal                  | Voltage |
| --- | ----------------------- | ------- |
| 1   | VDD\_5V\_HIPOWER        | 5.0V    |
| 2   | UART7\_TX\_TELEM1\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 3   | UART7\_RX\_TELEM1\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 4   | UART7\_CTS\_TELEM1\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 5   | UART7\_RTS\_TELEM1\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 6   | GND                     | GND     |

### Flight Controller Debug — 10-pin JST-SH

| Pin | Signal               | Voltage |
| --- | -------------------- | ------- |
| 1   | 3V3\_FMU             | 3.3V    |
| 2   | USART3\_TX\_DEBUG    | 3.3V    |
| 3   | USART3\_RX\_DEBUG    | 3.3V    |
| 4   | FMU\_SWDIO           | 3.3V    |
| 5   | FMU\_SWCLK           | 3.3V    |
| 6   | SPI6\_SCK\_EXTERNAL1 | 3.3V    |
| 7   | NFC\_GPIO            | 3.3V    |
| 8   | PD15                 | 3.3V    |
| 9   | FMU\_NRST            | 3.3V    |
| 10  | GND                  | GND     |

### Pi I2C1 — 4-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal         | Voltage |
| --- | -------------- | ------- |
| 1   | 5.0V           | 5.0V    |
| 2   | I2C1\_SCL\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 3   | I2C1\_SDA\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 4   | GND            | GND     |

### Pi UART3 — 6-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal          | Voltage |
| --- | --------------- | ------- |
| 1   | 5.0V            | 5.0V    |
| 2   | UART3\_TX\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 3   | UART3\_RX\_EXT  | 3.3V    |
| 4   | UART3\_CTS\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 5   | UART3\_RTS\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 6   | GND             | GND     |

### Pi ETH — 4-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal     | Voltage |
| --- | ---------- | ------- |
| 1   | ETH\_RD\_N | 3.3V    |
| 2   | ETH\_RD\_P | 3.3V    |
| 3   | ETH\_TD\_N | 3.3V    |
| 4   | ETH\_TD\_P | 3.3V    |

### Pi LED Strip — 8-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal      | Voltage |
| --- | ----------- | ------- |
| 1   | 5.0V        | 5.0V    |
| 2   | 5.0V        | 5.0V    |
| 3   | GPIO12\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 4   | GPIO16\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 5   | GPIO17\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 6   | GPIO20\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 7   | GND         | GND     |
| 8   | GND         | GND     |

### Pi GPIO — 6-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal      | Voltage |
| --- | ----------- | ------- |
| 1   | 5.0V        | 5.0V    |
| 2   | GPIO21\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 3   | GPIO22\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 4   | GPIO23\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 5   | GPIO24\_EXT | 3.3V    |
| 6   | GND         | GND     |

### Pi Fan — 4-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal         | Voltage |
| --- | -------------- | ------- |
| 1   | GND            | GND     |
| 2   | 5.0V           | 5.0V    |
| 3   | FAN\_TACH\_CON | 5.0V    |
| 4   | FAN\_PWM\_Q\*  | 5.0V    |

### Pi Console — 6-pin JST-SH

| Pin | Signal        | Voltage |
| --- | ------------- | ------- |
| 1   | 3.3V\_RPI     | 3.3V    |
| 2   | CONSOLE\_TXD0 | 3.3V    |
| 3   | CONSOLE\_RXD0 | 3.3V    |
| 4   | NC            | NC      |
| 5   | NC            | NC      |
| 6   | GND           | GND     |

### Pi USB (hub port 2) — 4-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal       | Voltage |
| --- | ------------ | ------- |
| 1   | VBUS2\_FLT   | 5.0V    |
| 2   | USB2\_EXT\_N | 3.3V    |
| 3   | USB2\_EXT\_P | 3.3V    |
| 4   | GND          | GND     |

### Pi USB (hub port 4) — 4-pin JST-GH

| Pin | Signal       | Voltage |
| --- | ------------ | ------- |
| 1   | VBUS4\_FLT   | 5.0V    |
| 2   | USB4\_EXT\_N | 3.3V    |
| 3   | USB4\_EXT\_P | 3.3V    |
| 4   | GND          | GND     |

### CAM0 — 22-pin 0.5 mm FFC (Molex 0545482271)

| Pin | Signal      | Voltage |
| --- | ----------- | ------- |
| 1   | GND         | GND     |
| 2   | CAM0\_D0\_N | 1.2V    |
| 3   | CAM0\_D0\_P | 1.2V    |
| 4   | GND         | GND     |
| 5   | CAM0\_D1\_N | 1.2V    |
| 6   | CAM0\_D1\_P | 1.2V    |
| 7   | GND         | GND     |
| 8   | CAM0\_C\_N  | 1.2V    |
| 9   | CAM0\_C\_P  | 1.2V    |
| 10  | GND         | GND     |
| 11  | NC          | NC      |
| 12  | NC          | NC      |
| 13  | GND         | GND     |
| 14  | NC          | NC      |
| 15  | NC          | NC      |
| 16  | GND         | GND     |
| 17  | CAM\_GPIO   | 3.3V    |
| 18  | NC          | NC      |
| 19  | GND         | GND     |
| 20  | ID\_SC      | 3.3V    |
| 21  | ID\_SD      | 3.3V    |
| 22  | 3.3V\_RPI   | 3.3V    |

### CAM1 — 22-pin 0.5 mm FFC (Molex 0545482271)

| Pin | Signal      | Voltage |
| --- | ----------- | ------- |
| 1   | GND         | GND     |
| 2   | CAM1\_D0\_N | 1.2V    |
| 3   | CAM1\_D0\_P | 1.2V    |
| 4   | GND         | GND     |
| 5   | CAM1\_D1\_N | 1.2V    |
| 6   | CAM1\_D1\_P | 1.2V    |
| 7   | GND         | GND     |
| 8   | CAM1\_C\_N  | 1.2V    |
| 9   | CAM1\_C\_P  | 1.2V    |
| 10  | GND         | GND     |
| 11  | CAM1\_D2\_N | 1.2V    |
| 12  | CAM1\_D2\_P | 1.2V    |
| 13  | GND         | GND     |
| 14  | CAM1\_D3\_N | 1.2V    |
| 15  | CAM1\_D3\_P | 1.2V    |
| 16  | GND         | GND     |
| 17  | CAM\_GPIO   | 3.3V    |
| 18  | NC          | NC      |
| 19  | GND         | GND     |
| 20  | SCL0        | 3.3V    |
| 21  | SDA0        | 3.3V    |
| 22  | 3.3V\_RPI   | 3.3V    |

## Serial Port Mapping

| UART   | Connector             | PX4           | NuttX device | ArduPilot |
| ------ | --------------------- | ------------- | ------------ | --------- |
| USART1 | GPS                   | GPS1          | `/dev/ttyS0` | SERIAL3   |
| USART3 | Debug                 | Debug console | `/dev/ttyS1` | —         |
| UART4  | PWM + UART4           | TELEM4        | `/dev/ttyS2` | SERIAL4   |
| UART5  | None, wired to the Pi | TELEM2        | `/dev/ttyS3` | SERIAL2   |
| USART6 | RC                    | RC            | `/dev/ttyS4` | SERIAL5   |
| UART7  | TELEM1                | TELEM1        | `/dev/ttyS5` | SERIAL1   |

ArduPilot's SERIAL0 is the USB connection to the Pi.

## Block Diagram

<figure><img src="https://1515919775-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FOwmEn1N45AR4WjMQhHlu%2Fuploads%2F1VjhR0fSOOWI9NSZWqey%2FARK%20Pi6X%20Flow%20Block%20Diagram.png?alt=media&amp;token=9c2ca35d-e2b5-477d-a2b1-0ff845880225" alt=""><figcaption><p>Block diagram</p></figcaption></figure>

{% file src="/files/dY8n9uZh7PYfBWbbkrNn" %}

## 3D Model and Case

| File                                                                                                                                                             | Contents                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [ARK-Pi6X-Flow-Rev-2.0.step](https://github.com/ARK-Electronics/ark-hardware/raw/main/ARK_Pi6X/model/ARK-Pi6X-Flow-Rev-2.0.step)                                 | Board model                                                  |
| [ARK-Pi6X-Flow-Rev-2.0-with-Sensor-FOV.step](https://github.com/ARK-Electronics/ark-hardware/raw/main/ARK_Pi6X/model/ARK-Pi6X-Flow-Rev-2.0-with-Sensor-FOV.step) | Board model with the flow and distance sensor fields of view |

All files: [ARK\_Pi6X in ark-hardware](https://github.com/ARK-Electronics/ark-hardware/tree/main/ARK_Pi6X)


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